Bumblebees

A new study conducted in part by the US Department of Agriculture says that the US lost just over 44 per cent of its bee colonies between April 2015 and March 2016. That’s a lot more than the 34 per cent loss recorded two years ago, and shows a return to the troublesome 45 per cent loss recorded in 2012-13. So, that must mean Canada is in store for a similarly dramatic loss in its bee population, right? Not necessarily, says Mark Winston, a professor in apiculture and social insects at Simon Fraser University in Vancouver, BC.

Neonicotinoids are the most widely used insecticides in the world. They've been linked to the decline of honeybees. But scientists now say they also harm many terrestrial, aquatic, and marine invertebrates. They damage sea urchin DNA, suppress the immune systems of crabs, and affect the tunneling and reproductive behavior of earthworms. They kill off the insects that many birds, amphibians, and reptiles rely on for food.

Pflanzenschutz ist die Notwendigkeit, Kulturpflanzen in Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau sowie im Haus- und Kleingarten vor biotischen und abiotischen Schadfaktoren zu schützen. Die EU-Richtlinie 2009/128/CE deklariert den Integrierten Pflanzenschutz als Handlungsmaxime. Darunter versteht man die Anwendung von biologischen, züchterischen, kulturtechnischen und eben auch chemischen Maßnahmen zur Verminderung und/oder Vermeidung der Schädigung von Kulturpflanzen und deren (Lager-) Produkte unter Berücksichtigung ökologischer und ökonomischer Anforderungen und Notwendigkeiten.

Es hat den Anschein, als ob Wissenschaftler aus der Kohle-Industrie die Federführung für einige Kapitel des jüngsten Berichts des Weltklimarates (IPCC) übernommen hatten... Nicht einmal vier Jahre nach seiner Gründung und während seines 4. Plenums, welches vom 22. bis 28.

After a decade of intense research on the problems affecting bees, we gain clarity over the once blurry picture of confounding factors that included parasites, pathogens, pesticides, lack of food, and others stressors. On the one hand is it obvious that all those factors contribute to the problems observed. On the other, it has become evident that neonicotinoids (and insecticides like fipronil and perhaps others not yet identified) play a crucial role as the promoters of pathogen and parasite infections that effectively drive colony losses.

A team of researchers created the first national study to map U.S. wild bees. What they found confirms that our native buzzing pollinators are disappearing from many of the country's most vital farmlands, from California's Central Valley and the Midwest corn belt to the Mississippi River valley."If losses of these crucial pollinators continue, the new nationwide assessment indicates that farmers will face increasing costs – and that the problem may even destabilize the nation's crop production," notes the study, the findings of which were published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

THE neonicotinoid insecticide family, a product thought to be behind the collapse of bee populations, will be banned in France from September, 2018. MPs voted through an amendment banning the insecticide as part of a debate on the law for the reclamation of biodiversity. The original amendment had sought to ban the products at the start of January 2017, but after discussions among MPs who raised concerns about the impact on farmers, a delay of 18 months was granted as a compromise. Furthermore the bill gives the environment ministry the power to issue further bans on similar substitute products, on the advice of health body the Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire (Anses). “We have reversed the mechanics: the ban on neonicotinoids has become the rule and their use the exception,” said MP and former ecology minister Delphine Batho. The measure must still be confirmed by the Senate in a debate likely to be held before the summer. The ban includes the use of seeds treated with the chemical.